Cisplatin

Generic name: Cisplatin

Commercial names:

Randa 

Platinoxan       

Platidiam         

Platamine        

Plastin 

Neoplatin         

Lederplatin       

Citoplationo     

Cisplatyl          

Cisplatine

Cismaplat        

Carboquone     

Briplatin           

Biocisplatinum 

Abiplatin

Structure:

Therapeutic Use:

Cisplatin is used for the treatment of metastatic testicular tumors, metastatic ovarian tumors and advanced bladder cancer.

Mechanism of action:

Cisplatin is an antineoplastic in the class of alkylating agents and is used to treat various forms of cancer. Alkylating agents add alkyl groups to many electronegative groups in cells, for example DNA. So, they inhibit DNA replication, tumor cells can´t divide and abnormal cell proliferation stops.

Alkylating agents act by three mechanisms that lead disruption of DNA function and cell death: alkyl groups attach to DNA bases, but repair enzymes try to replace the alkylated bases however they end up fragmenting the DNA, preventing DNA synthesis and transcription; cause DNA damage because of the formation of bonds between atoms in the DNA which prevents DNA from being separated for replication or protein synthesis; and induce mispairing of the nucleotides leading to mutations.

Side Effects:

v Increased risk of getting an infection from a drop in white blood cells;

v Tiredness and breathlessness due to a drop in red blood cells (anaemia);

v Bruising more easily due to a drop in;

v Tiredness (fatigue) during and after treatment;

v Feeling or being sick can be severe;

v Cisplatin can cause kidney damage;

v You may have some hearing loss, especially with high pitched sounds;

v This drug may have a harmful effect on a developing baby;

v Women may stop having periods (amenorrhoea) but this may only be temporary;

v Loss of fertility;

v Loss of appetite may occur a few days after your treatment;

v Numbness or tingling in fingers and toes can cause difficulty with fiddly things such as doing up buttons;

v Ringing in the ears (tinnitus) happens in about 3 in 10 people (30%), but nearly always gets better on its own;

v Loss of taste or a metallic taste may occur;

v Allergic reaction (rare).

*http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-help/about-cancer/treatment/cancer-drugs/cisplatin#common