S1 nuclease is a
restriction enzyme, specifically an endonuclease (enzyme capable of cleaving
the DNA strand at specific sites) derived from the organism Aspergillus oryzae
(a fungus).
S1 nuclease is
normally present in fungi and plants and is stable at 65°C.
The chemical
reaction catalyzed by S1 is an endonucleolytic cleavage that results in
5'-phosphomononucleotides and 5'-phospho-oligonucleotides, requiring Zn2+
as the cofactor.
The main function
of this enzyme is to remove protrusions in ssDNA (single stranded DNA) and to
divide the DNA or RNA (targets preferencially DNA) into oligonucleotides, in
order to facilitate the work in molecular biology.
The common
reaction buffer is a solution of 10 mM sodium acetate (pH 4.6), 150 mM NaCl,
0.05 mM ZnSO4 and 50% glycerol.
Double-stranded nucleic acids can
resist degradation by S1 nuclease except when concentration is extremely high.
Cristia Pires- A94335
Filipa Sampaio-A81577
Marta Machado-A81723
Marta Mendanha - A82382
Mónica Fernandes - A84741
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